PER1 Proteins

Protein Information

Circadian rhythmicity is a basic property of phylogenetically diverse organisms which range from animals and plants, to fungi. Regulation of endogenous biological clocks is regulated at the genetic level by a protein-mediated, autoregulatory feed-back loop. In mammals, several genes that encode members of the basic helix-loop helix (bHLH) PAS (PER-ARNT-SIM) transcription factor family have been shown to play a significant role in regulating circadian oscillations. Transactivation of CLOCK-induced genes is mediated via an E box enhancer (CACGTG) found upstream of target genes. CLOCK-ARNT3 heterodimers bind to E box regulatory elements and stimulate gene transcription. CLOCK has been shown to transactivate the mammalian homolog of Drosophila per. PER, in concert with the product of the mammalian timeless gene (TIM), negatively regulates its own transcription by blocking the activity of the CLOCK-BMAL1 transactivation complex.

Synonyms

Circadian clock protein PERIOD 1; circadian pacemaker protein Rigui; hPER; hPER1; KIAA0482; mPER1; m-rigui; Per; PER1; per1 {ECO:0000312; period 1; period circadian clock 1; period circadian protein homolog 1; period homolog 1; Period, drosophila, homolog of; RGD:727863}; Rigui; rper1